The photo has no copyright markings on it as can be seen in the link above, and in the copy of the file
showing the back
, uploaded separately (as was done in the eBay source link above).
See also
w:film still
article, which explains that publicity photos were traditionally not copyrighted.
No copyright registered for this photo.
It was created for publicity purposes-distribution to the media and the image was meant to bring attention and publicity for actors and actresses. See also
w:film still
article.
Film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in
The Complete Film Production Handbook
, (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.):
"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." (
The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook
By Nancy E. Wolff, Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.)
"Publicity Photos (star headshots) older publicity stills have usually not been copyrighted and since they have been disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain and therefore there is no necessity to clear them with the studio that produced them (if you can even determine who did)."
United States Copyright Office page 2
"Visually Perceptible Copies The notice for visually perceptible copies should contain all three elements described below. They should appear together or in close proximity on the copies.
2 The year of first publication. If the work is a derivative work or a compilation incorporating previously published material, the year date of first publication of the derivative work or compilation is sufficient. Examples of derivative works are translations or dramatizations; an example of a compilation is an anthology. The year may be omitted when a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, with accompanying textual matter, if any, is reproduced in or on greeting cards, postcards, stationery, jewelry, dolls, toys, or useful articles.
Karya ini adalah
ranah publik
di Amerika Serikat karena ini
diterbitkan
di Amerika Serikat antara 1930 dan 1977, termasuk,
tanpa
peringatan hak cipta
. Untuk penjelasan lebih lanjut, lihat
Hirtle chart
dan juga
penjelasan mendetail
tentang "penerbitan" untuk kesenian publik. Harap diperhatikan bahwa bahwa itu mungkin masih memiliki hak cipta di wilayah hukum di mana
aturan jangka terpendek
untuk karya dari Amerika Serikat (tergantung pada tanggal kematian penulis) tidak berlaku, semisal Kanada (70 tahun
sejak kematian penulis
), Tiongkok Daratan (50 tahun sejak kematian penulis, tidak termasuk Hong Kong atau Makau), Jerman (70 sejak kematian penulis), Meksiko (100 tahun sejak kematian penulis), Swiss (70 tahun sejak kematian penulis), dan negara-negara lain dengan perjanjian tersendiri.
Berkas ini mengandung informasi tambahan yang mungkin ditambahkan oleh kamera digital atau pemindai yang digunakan untuk membuat atau mendigitalisasi berkas. Jika berkas ini telah mengalami modifikasi, rincian yang ada mungkin tidak secara penuh merefleksikan informasi dari gambar yang sudah dimodifikasi ini.
Komentar berkas JPEG
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